Brain development is the process by which the brain grows and matures, beginning in early embryonic stages and continuing throughout childhood and adolescence. This complex and dynamic process involves the proliferation of neurons, formation of synapses, and myelination of nerve fibers, all of which contribute to the structure and function of the brain. Key aspects of brain development include the formation of neural circuits, pruning of unnecessary connections, and the establishment of critical periods for learning and behavior. Research in this area seeks to understand the mechanisms and factors that influence brain development, such as genetics, environment, and experience, and how disruptions to this process can lead to neurological disorders or cognitive impairments.